He was born in Lima in 1907 and died in the same city in 1999. He was a journalist, researcher, writer, and university professor. He served as rector of the National University of San Marcos. He authored a vast body of work on Peruvian history and culture.

He was born in Arequipa in 1913 and died in Lima in 1996. He was ordained a priest in 1939. He served as Archbishop of Lima from 1954 to 1989 and was a cardinal from 1962 onward. He guided the life of the Church in Peru, becoming a guiding light for the spiritual conscience of our society.

A distinguished engineer with an extensive academic and professional career, he has promoted science, technology, and culture. He served as president of the National Council for Science and Technology (CONCYTEC).

He was born in 1927 in Marktl, Germany. He earned a doctorate in theology from the University of Munich. Ordained a priest in 1951, he was elected Archbishop of Munich and Freising in 1977. He was named a cardinal in 1977. He was elected Pope in April 2005 as Benedict XVI.

He was born in Japan in 1928. He is a specialist in comparative studies of cultures and civilizations. He is a pioneer in Latin American studies in Japan and has received international recognition for his academic achievements in the field of Peruvian studies.

He was born in Gironde, France, in 1922 and died in Paris in 1991. He was a distinguished sociologist. His research focused on the sociology of Latin American countries, and he produced seminal works on political groups in Peru.

She was born on May 11, 1921, in Essen, Germany. The first woman to receive this honor, with an impressive academic and political career, she studied chemistry and completed her education at Harvard University. She studied educational issues and conducted research in the field of chemistry. She served as Minister of Foreign Affairs.

He was born in 1912 in Schüttorf, Germany. A distinguished engineer. President of the University of Karlsruhe. Planner of major engineering projects around the world, such as the Aswan Dam. Federal Minister of Education and Research.

He was born in 1919 in Basel, Switzerland. He is an eminent philologist. He has served as president of the University of Heidelberg, Germany, and as a tenured or visiting professor at various universities in Europe and the Americas. He has been awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of Alfonso X the Wise.

He was born in Indiana, United States, in 1915. He is one of the most distinguished economists of the 20th century. He has been a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology since 1941. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1970 for his contributions to the development of economic theory.