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In the past 10 years, the economic and political crisis in Venezuela gave rise to one of the world¿s largest displaced populations, with 1.6 million of whom have fled to Peru. Severe adversities and the absence of mental health services has resulted in high burden of mental health disorder among them. Duelo Migratorio which translates to ¿migratory grief,¿ is a construct of distress that has been described among Venezuelan refugees and migrants. However, understanding of this construct remains limited as existing literature is sparse. To fill this gap, this study sought to characterize Duelo Migratorio and define its impacts on the health and functioning of Venezuelan refugees and migrants in Peru.
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Refugees and migrants experience an elevated risk for mental health problems and face significant barriers to receiving services. Interpersonal counseling (IPC-3) is a three-session intervention that can be delivered by non-specialists to provide psychological support and facilitate referrals for individuals in need of specialized care. We piloted IPC-3 delivered remotely by eight Venezuelan refugee and migrant women living in Peru. These counselors provided IPC-3 to Venezuelan refugee and migrant clients in Peru (n = 32) who reported psychological distress. Clients completed assessments of mental health symptoms at baseline and one-month post-intervention. A subset of clients (n = 15) and providers (n = 8) completed post-implementation qualitative interviews. Results showed that IPC-3 filled a gap in the system of mental health care for refugees and migrants in Peru. Some adaptations were made to IPC-3 to promote its relevance to the population and context. Non-specialist providers developed the skills and confidence to provide IPC-3 competently. Clients displayed large reductions in symptoms of depression (d = 1.1), anxiety (d = 1.4), post-traumatic stress (d = 1.0), and functional impairment (d = 0.8). Remote delivery of IPC-3 by non-specialists appears to be a feasible, acceptable, and appropriate strategy to address gaps and improve efficiency within the mental health system and warrants testing in a fully powered effectiveness study.
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