Se encontraron 20 investigaciones
The uplift of the Andes has been recognized as a key driver of South America climatic regimes and lowland Amazonian landscapes, whose changes through time were directly or indirectly crucial to Amazonia becoming the most diverse continental ecosystem on Earth. However, the timing, rates, and mechanisms that link the recent growth of the Andes (ca. 10Ma) to regional climate and physical landscape in the Amazonian lowlands remain poorly understood. Here, we will reconstruct the spatiotemporal trends of erosion rates and sediment flux from the Andes to the Amazonian lowlands using cosmogenic nuclides, luminescence signals, and magnetic parameters. Therefore, we will investigate a unique and comprehensive set of spatially distributed surface sedimentary deposits, as well as deep and continuous sediment cores that will be drilled in strategic sites at western (Acre Basin), central (Solimões Basin), and eastern (Marajó Basin) Amazonia, under the "Trans-Amazon Drilling Project (TADP)" and Ocean Drilling Program (ODP). Our records will provide original insights into (1) how the history of uplift and erosion of the world's longest mountain chain is stored in the world's largest river basin; (2) how orbital and millennial-scale hydroclimate variability affects erosion rates and sediment flux from Andean and cratonic terrains within the Amazon; (3) how the mountain erosion signal is transformed from its source to the ocean, the ultimate sink in the system; and (4) a potentially transformative history of uplift and climate change in Amazonia's lowland physical landscapes and its influence on biotic diversification over the last 10 Ma, a period when most extant species originated. In addition, this project will allow the outstanding training of students and scientific development through exchange among national and international research institutions from Brazil, Germany, and Peru.
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Geodynamic processes in the Andes 32°-34°S
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OLLIN is a project aiming to set up a new collaborative framework between specialists and young researchers from both sides of the Atlantic to improve geological knowledge and seismic hazard assessment (SHA) of two populated regions of Latin America. These are the Transmexican Volcanic belt (TMVB) and the Northern Southamerica Plate Boundary (NSAPB), which extends from Ecuador to Colombia and Venezuela. To do so, three fundamental steps are undertaken; Firstly, data on the seismogenic potential of faults in these areas is gathered, discussed and selected. The most likely fault rupturing mechanisms are discussed, which will lead us to focus the fieldwork on areas which are relevant to SHA but lack information on key seismic parameters (slip rates, segmentation, complex versus simple ruptures, maximum expected earthquakes, etc.). Secondly, the incorporation of that knowledge on seismogenic fault models into the SHA is conducted using existing Fault2SHA tools. This step includes the adaptation of those tools to these specific Latin American settings and the generation of new ones. Finally, results dissemination to society is ensured by the participation of stakeholders from civil protection, geological surveys and other end-users through special meetings, training courses and on-line access that allow to keep track of progress and results.
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Integración de estudios geológicos, geofísicos y geoquímicos del área Domuyo (provincia de Neuquén). Caracterización y controles del campo geotérmico
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Las estructuras cuaternarias se conocen escasamente en el NOA aun considerando la alta sismicidad de la región. La investigación de estas estructuras es una necesidad estratégica para incrementar ostensiblemente su conocimiento y así contribuir a mejorar la caracterización de la peligrosidad/riesgo sísmico. El registro histórico e instrumental de terremotos cubre un lapso de 325 años, el que muy probablemente es sensiblemente inferior al período de recurrencia de las estructuras sismogénicas considerando que muchas de ellas se encuentran en un ambiente orogénico pero alejado de bordes de placas donde las tasas de deformación son intermedias entre las próximas a los borde de placas y las del interior continental. Además, las regiones seleccionadas para la investigación, forman parte de las provincias Cordillera Oriental y Sistema de Santa Bárbara cuya evolución estructural está fuertemente controlada por procesos de inversión/reactivación tectónica que introducen un factor adicional a tener en cuenta para el análisis de la distribución espacio-temporal de la deformación. El objetivo principal es caracterizar la evolución de morfoestructuras cuaternarias (Geomorfología Tectónica) mediante cartografía de superficies de máximo detalle que permitan detectar variaciones sensibles asociadas a pliegues y fallas con utilización de vehículos aéreos no tripulados y GPS diferencial. La cartografía de superficies se complementará con análisis estructurales (observaciones de campo y modelados que permitan ajustar la deformación superficial), geocronológicos (14C, nucleidos cosmogénicos, Ar-Ar, OSL) y termocronológicos (trazas de fisión y U-Th/He (ZHe)) que permitan reconstruir temporalmente la historia reciente de las estructuras investigadas. Los resultados contribuirán a mejorar el mapa espacio-temporal de la deformación neotectónica en el NOA, con énfasis en las regiones son las de mayor riesgo potencial.
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The main objective of this research proposal is to propose a new tectonic model to explain the emplacement and exhumation of the CBB in the context of the predominantly compressional setting in this segment of the Central Andes and taking into account its structural relationships with the main neighboring geological provinces (e.g., CO, MFTB, CN). In order to tackle this the following specific objectives are delineated: - To establish the detailed low temperature cooling history along two/three cross-sections of the CBB. - To characterize the structure and intrusive relationship along the eastern border of the CBB. - To construct two balanced structural cross-sections of the MFTB. - To detect potential Plio-Quaternary compressive reactivations across the MFTB main thrusts. - To determine the low-temperature cooling history of the CO at relevant areas of interest.
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Procesos geodinámicos en los Andes entre los 33° y 34° S: interrelación entre procesos profundos y superficiales
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The main hypothesis of this research proposal is that the widespread distribution of Quaternary morphostructures across the broken foreland of NW Argentina can be explained as the dynamic response of deformation in the context of a sub-critical Coulomb orogenic wedge, as proposed by Pearson et al. (2013) for the Mio-Pliocene tectonic evolution at 25°S. In order to test this hypothesis for Quaternary timescales, the following objectives are defined: 1) Quantify slip rates of Quaternary structures in key sectors of WCO, ECO, and SBS. 2) Improve the neotectonic characterization of such structures. 3) Generate a structural model of the region that integrates detachment levels, fault geometries and slip rates. 4) Develop numerical models of the dynamic state of the Coulomb wedge in the framework of the structural model obtained.
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