Se encontraron 4 investigaciones
With this project we aim to strengthen the understanding of the relationship between risk, vulnerability and protection in relation to mental health in young and adult Peruvians, as well as to reinforce the application of a Norwegian model of protective mechanisms in Hispanic Latin America. The instrument of adult resilience developed in Norway is highly recommended for its conceptual, theoretical, and psychometric adequacy (Windle, Bennett, & Noyes, 2011), while its version for adolescents is one of the few psychometric techniques to asses early resources in young people (Ahern, Kiehl, Sole, & Byers, 2006). In both cases, in the last decades, the study of mental health precursors have changed the scope of clinical psychology and have connected it to communities and prevention.
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We will adapt and validate a multi-level model of protective mechanisms of resilience in relation with psychosocial risk conditions (i.e. poverty and exclusion), mental health, and positive outcomes of adaptation in adults (i.e. social leadership) and adolescents (i.e. educational attainment). Protective mechanisms of resilience explain psychosocial well-being despite of persistent and harsh life-circumstances (e.g. poverty, war) or psycho-biological vulnerabilities (e.g. genetic conditions, family neglect or violence) (Collishaw et al., 2007). Thus this is a renowned paradigm to research on mental health with emphasis prevention and human capabilities. With a sequential empirical design, we will verify the psychometric accuracy and cultural relevance of verifiable indicators of (a) Personal competences, (b) Social Competence, (c) Structured Style, (d) Family Cohesion and (e) Social Resources in adolescents and adults (Hjemdal, 2007). We will focus on two vulnerable groups living in impoverished neighborhoods of Lima: first community-based leaders (Study 1, adults), and then, adolescents with high academic performance (Study 2). We hypothesize that the two models and instruments of resilience (the Resilience Scale for Adults and Adolescents (Hjemdal et al., 2011; Soest, Mossige, Stefansen, & Hjemdal, 2009) are valid in Peru, and can describe precise of patterns of positive adaptation in these groups. We will use psychometric techniques to assess the structural invariance of the instruments (structural equation models) and hypothesis testing (hierarchical regression models) to evaluate the predictive capacities of the variables studied. As a result, we aim at contribute with empirical and valid models to evaluate, describe and compare mechanisms to enhance personal, family and community well-being in vulnerable groups of Peru. We will build upon research that focus on reliable and feasible evidence that might impact in policies of prevention and intervention.
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Proposed outline of the dissertation: The aim of my PhD research project is to identify and describe the main elements and development of psychological resilience of female grassroots leaders living in adverse psycho-social conditions in Peru. In Latin America, women who lead grassroots organizations have a central role in the well-being and rights¿ defence of the most excluded sub-groups of society (Marcos, 2005; Sandoval, 2000). In spite of living in conditions of extreme poverty and violence, female grassroots leaders develop resilience mechanisms to become community caregivers, political agents of development and to improve their lives and the lives of others (Morote, 2007). This study aims at explaining why these women develop leadership and psychological resilience while living in risk conditions; how do they transform vulnerability into psychological strength; and how could psychology increase their potential, mental health or, on the other hand, the well-being of those who don¿t succeed in developing resilience through their lives.
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Pre Doctoral project The abjective is is to examine how young social leaders shape representations of the self and the Other in relation to their cultural identity, Catholic spirituality and gender consciousness; Through which mechanisms do they integrate apparently contradictory elements of those representations; and how do they relate those representations to their located understanding of personal well-being and global development. This project aims at unearth the misrepresentations of academic and political discourses on Latin American agential women. The project will also stress the necessity for the improvement of interdisciplinary methodologies in Psychology and the Humanities; methodologies which incorporate a marginal Other, specifically the Latin-American female subject- both as a source of difference and a producer of knowledge. Therefore, the research questions are phrased as follows: Which contributions and challenges are placed by Latin American female social leaders to the comprehension of the self and its mechanisms of representation when representing cultural identity, Catholic spirituality, generational difference, time/space, the Other, sexuality, gender consciousness and agency? More specifically, to what extent are non-western female social leaders transforming the comprehension of, on the one hand, psychological understandings of personal well-being and, on the other hand, discourses of leadership, femininity and development? Finally, what methodological implications will have the study of non-western subjectivities for interdisciplinary and transnational research in the Humanities, and, more specifically, in Psychology and Psychoanalysis?
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